Data Center/SAN

Objective of standard: Provide requirements & guidelines for the design & installation of a data center or computer room. Standard will enable the data center design to be considered early in the building development process, contributing to the architectural considerations, by providing information that cuts across the multidisciplinary design efforts; promoting cooperation in the design and construction.

Ratification date & availability: Ratified April, 2005 and available from Global Engineering Documents (www.global.ihs.com).

Audience: Intended for use by designers who need a comprehensive understanding of the data center design including the facility planning, the cabling system and the network design.

Topics covered in the standard: (1) cabling; (2) pathways and spaces; (3) redundancy; (4) network design; (5) location; (6) access; (7) architectural; (8) environmental design; (9) electrical design; (10) fire protection; and (11) water intrusion.

Basic elements of data center structured cabling system architecture: (1) Horizontal cabling; (2) Backbone cabling; (3) Cross-connect in the entrance room or main distribution area; (4) Main cross-connect (MC) in the main distribution area; (5) Horizontal cross-connect (HC) in the telecommunications room, horizontal distribution area or main distribution area; (6) Zone outlet or consolidation point in the zone distribution area; and (7) Outlet in the equipment distribution area.

Spaces in the data center to support telecommunications equipment & cabling: (1) entrance room (ER); (2) main distribution area (MDA); (3) horizontal distribution area (HDA); (4) zone distribution area (ZDA); and (5) equipment distribution area (EDA). The ER, MDA, HDA, ZDA and EDA are analogous but not to the Entrance Facility, Equipment Room, Telecom Room, Consolidation Point, and Work Area, respectively, as defined in the TIA/EIA-568-B.1 standard. Note that data center size and other factors will determine whether all these spaces are used. Spaces should be planned to provide for growth and transition to evolving technologies. Spaces may or not be walled off or otherwise separated from other computer room spaces.

Example topologies & architectures:

1. Basic data center topology: appropriate for many single tenant enterprise data centers and multi-tenant Internet hosting data centers.
2. Distributed data center topology: utilizes more than one entrance room and appropriate where additional redundancy is required and/or circuit distance limitations would otherwise be exceeded
3. Reduced data center topology: appropriate for smaller installations where the HDA that is combined with the MDA. The telecommunications room (TR) and ER may also be combined in very small data centers. Fiber horizontal cabling may extend to 300 meters
4. Data center centralized fiber cabling: consolidates data center electronics in the MDA and the EDA, reducing HDA space and powering requirements while centralizing administration.

Recognized media:

1. Copper: 100-ohm twisted-pair cable compliant with ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 (Category 3 or 5e). Category 6, compliant with ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1 recommended.
2. Fiber: Multimode optical fiber cable, either 62.5/125 µm or 50/125 µm compliant with ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3; 50/125 µm 850 nm laser optimized multimode fiber, compliant with ANSI/TIA-568-B.3-1 recommended.